Refrigerator

Most refrigerators in RVs are different from the ones you find in a typical home. They are known as “absorption cycle” refrigerators, as opposed to the “compressor cycle” appliances used in most domestic settings. These RV refrigerators work by applying heat directly to the refrigerant, and they don’t use a pump to function.

In recent years, there’s been a development in specialized refrigerators for RVs that operate on 12-volt-DC and use a compressor, similar to domestic fridges. However, the more common type in RVs is still the absorption model.

The typical absorption refrigerator in an RV can use either propane or electricity to generate the heat it needs to cool. Most can switch between propane and AC power (making them two-way), while some models also offer the option to run on 12 volts DC (making them three-way). It’s important to note that three-way refrigerators can draw a lot of current, so they’re not usually powered by the RV’s house batteries alone. They can run on 12-volt DC when the vehicle’s engine, a generator is running, or the RV is connected to external power (shore power).

Newer models of RV refrigerators often have electronics that automatically switch between these power sources, using 12 volts DC. One key aspect of absorption refrigerators is that they need to be level to work properly. Although newer models are less sensitive to being out of level, they still function best when reasonably level.

A special consideration for RV owners is during long ferry rides. On a ferry, you can’t run the fridge on propane as gas bottles must be turned off, and electricity is rarely provided on board. So, planning ahead for how to keep your fridge contents cool during such trips is important.